Iyengar yoga for treating symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knees

good old Hatha Yoga

Iyengar yoga quadriceps training

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16131293

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/loren-fishman-md/yoga-health_b_1756500.html

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1. [PDF] 
   

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from 

http://www.innerfocusphysio.com.au/resources/Knee%20Osteoarthritis%20and%20Iyengar%20Yoga.pdf

The yoga intervention consisted of 15 postures taken from

Light on Yoga

9

and taught by a certified senior Iyengar yoga

teacher (M.G.) over 8 weeks during weekly 1 and 1.5-hour

sessions. Patients were required to attend five of the eight

sessions as well as the preintervention and postintervention

assessment visits to be included in the analysis. Patients were

asked not to start other physical therapy interventions during the time that they participated in the study.

The sequence and adaptation of classical yoga postures

(asanas) were designed by the instructor, based on the Iyengar method of hatha yoga. The Iyengar method takes into

account both underlying anatomical structure and body

alignment. Iyengar yoga allows for individual variation in

the ability of participants and specifically includes the use

of assistive devices such as blocks, belts, and blankets to

support parts of the body while performing the asanas. Postures were performed in standing, sitting, and supine positions on standard yoga mats. The asanas are listed below,

along with a brief description and the most commonly used

props where applicable. All participants were encouraged to

stretch as fully as possible while not exceeding the limits of

their comfort and were encouraged to use props as needed.

The postures used included Tadasana (Mountain Pose;

basic standing pose), Uttitha Trikonasana (Standing Extended Triangle Pose; stretch to the sides with arms and legs

690 KOLASINSKI ET AL.spread), Virabhadrasana (Standing Lunge Pose; forward

lunge with foot supported by block), Dandasana (Staff Pose;

seated on floor with legs extended, arms stretched forward,

seated on blanket), Supta Tadasana (Supine Mountain Pose;

flex and extend legs at knees while lying flat, head supported

by blanket), Supta Padangustasana (Supine Foot Pose; raising one leg at a time straight from floor using belt, head supported by blanket), Urdhva Hastasana (Standing Hand Pose;

raising arms over head), Ardha Uttanasana (Standing Deliberate Stretch Pose; arms parallel to floor, touching wall,

stretching arms and legs), Prasarita Padathanasana (Standing; bending from waist forward holding onto seat of chair)

Baddha Konasana (Seated Restrained Angle Pose; legs

flexed at knees, feet brought in close to body assisted by

belt), Urdhva Prasarita Padasana (Supine Stretched Foot

Pose; raising both legs from floor, propping them with feet

flat on wall), Virasana (Warrior Pose; seated on blanket with

knees flexed to the sides of the body, buttocks on bolster),

Swastikasana (Seated Cross-Legged Pose; seated on blanket with knees flexed in cross-legged position), and

Savasana (Supine Relaxation Pose; lying on floor, calves

supported on seat of chair, head on blanket). Detailed descriptions and photographs can be obtained by referring to

Light on Yoga.

9

Subjects were instructed at each session that

no at home practice was required.

RESULTS

Eleven subjects enrolled and nine attended at least one

session. Seven attended at least five classes and had data

from pre- and postcourse time points available for analysis.

Because of an unrelated illness (pneumonia), one subject

withdrew; another was unable to accommodate the class into

her work schedule. No participant had previously practiced

yoga. The seven women who completed the trial had a mean

age of 58.6 (range, 50–68) years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 35.6 calculated by formula on the basis of their

height and weight (range, 28.7–39.1; obesity, BMI 30).

This study used a within-subject repeated-measures design.

For each of the outcome measures, percent change from

baseline was calculated as follows:

Percent change from baseline

100%

A negative percent change from baseline represented an

improvement in OA symptoms. A Shapiro-Wilkins Goodness of Fit Test was performed for each distribution. Absolute changes in outcomes measured were also calculated

and gave similar results. A paired t test was performed for

each measure comparing the absolute change/percent

change from baseline to a hypothesized percent change of